The Color Change of the Rocket

GOES-R-Fueling-Venting-Wide

Observant watchers may have noted that the Atlas V first stage now appears white. That’s because frost formed on the outside of the rocket as its tanks filled with cryogenic oxygen. It’s the same process that causes frost to form on a glass holding a chilled liquid. Speaking of the Atlas, the oxygen tank is now full.

Centaur Liquid Hydrogen Loading Begins

GOES-R Atlas V Centaur Lift and Mate

Systems are pumping liquid hydrogen into the Centaur upper stage as today’s countdown proceeds toward a liftoff at 5:42 p.m. EST. The Centaur, pictured above during stacking of the Atlas V at Space Launch Complex 41, burns liquid hydrogen fuel combined with liquid oxygen during the ascent into space. The Centaur’s liquid oxygen tank is filled to flight level. Since the propellants are cryogenic, a portion boils off during the countdown and is vented out of the tanks. Therefore, the system continues to trickle in propellant until just before liftoff to make up for the amount that boiled off.

First Stage Liquid Oxygen Loading Beginning

GOES-R Atlas V Solid Rocket Motor (SRM) Lift and MateLiquid oxygen is flowing into the first stage of the United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket. The engine, seen above, will combine the oxygen with refined kerosene to generate about 860,000 pounds of thrust at liftoff. This Atlas V is equipped with four solid-fueled boosters that will provide extra thrust to lift the rocket and its GOES-R satellite into space. Launch remains on schedule for 5:42 p.m. EST.

Liquid Oxygen Loading Begins for Centaur

Supercold liquid oxygen is flowing into the tank of the Centaur upper stage for today’s launch. The Centaur’s single RL10 engine, built by Aerojet Rocketdyne, burns a combination of liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen to generate thrust. The Centaur will perform three burns today to place NOAA’s GOES-R satellite into a transfer orbit that will be circularized by the spacecraft into an operational orbit, called geostationary or geosynchronous, more than 22,000 miles above Earth.

Centaur Chilldown Begins

The transfer lines to the Centaur’s liquid oxygen tanks have begun chilling down before the supercold propellant is pumped into the tanks for launch. The tanking will begin in a few minutes. Later, the same process will be used to load liquid oxygen into the Atlas V’s first stage. After that, the liquid hydrogen for the Centaur will be loaded.