Since Nov. 26, NASA’s Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS) team has not been able to make contact with one of the eight CYGNSS spacecraft, FM06. The team is currently still working to acquire a signal and establish a connection. The other seven spacecraft continue to operate normally and have been collecting science measurements since the FM06 anomaly.
CYGNSS is a constellation of eight small satellites taking measurements of ocean surface winds in and near the eye of the storm throughout the lifecycle of tropical cyclones, typhoons and hurricanes.
If the team isn’t able to reestablish contact, the FM06 satellite would primarily affect the constellation’s spatial coverage. However, the CYGNSS constellation could continue to meet its scientific requirements and objectives.
CYGNSS was launched Dec. 15, 2016 and completed its prime mission science objectives March 19, 2019. It has been operating in extended mission status since that time.
We have successfully contacted each of the 8 observatories on our first attempt. This bodes very well for their health and status, which is the next thing we will be carefully checking with the next contacts in the coming days.
It is an amazingly rewarding feeling to spend such an intense and focused time working on CYGNSS and then, in a matter of just a few hours, have the entire constellation suddenly come to life. I am excited (and a little exhausted) and really looking forward to diving into the engineering data in the coming days, and then into the science data in the weeks to follow.
Go CYGNSS!!
–Chris
Principal Investigator Dr. Christopher Ruf inspects CYGNSS in the lab, February 2015.
The eighth CYGNSS satellite was contacted at 3:30 p.m. EST through the Chile ground station — 100-percent success! Full constellation redundancy achieved.
Launch of the Orbital ATK Pegasus XL rocket carrying NASA’s CYGNSS spacecraft. Credit: NASA TV
Hurricane forecasters will soon have a new tool to better understand and forecast storm intensity. A constellation of eight microsatellites, called NASA’s Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System mission, or CYGNSS, got a boost into Earth orbit at 8:37 a.m. EST today, Dec. 15, aboard an Orbital ATK Pegasus XL rocket.
Credit: NASA/Laurie Losey
The unique, air-launched vehicle was carried aloft by Orbital’s modified L-1011 aircraft, “Stargazer,” which took off from the Skid Strip runway at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida and deployed the three-stage Pegasus XL rocket at a predetermined drop point 39,000 feet above the Atlantic Ocean and about 110 nautical miles east-northeast of Daytona Beach.
“The deployments looked great — right on time,” said John Scherrer, CYGNSS Project Manager at the Southwest Research Institute and today’s CYGNSS mission manager.
“We think everything looks really, really good. About three hours after launch we’ll attempt first contact, and after that, we’ll go through a series of four contacts where we hit two [observatories] each time, checking the health and status of each spacecraft,” Scherrer added.
Prelaunch activities went smoothly throughout the morning, aided by good weather and healthy vehicles, according to NASA Launch Manager Tim Dunn of the agency’s Launch Services Program.
A NASA F-18 chase plane from Armstrong Flight Research Center in California provided visual contact and video of the conjoined Stargazer aircraft and Pegasus XL rocket.
The chase plane took to the skies minutes before the Stargazer went airborne at 7:38 a.m.
“It’s a beautiful day, with gorgeous weather,” Dunn said. “We had a nominal flyout, and all three stages performed beautifully. We had no issues at all with launch vehicle performance.”
Only 13 minutes after launch, the first pair of CYGNSS microsatellites deployed, with the rest releasing in pairs every 30 seconds.
“It’s a great event when you have a successful spacecraft separation – and with eight microsatellites, you get to multiply that times eight,” Dunn said.
“When the first two [observatories] came off, I started feeling good,” said CYGNSS Principal Investigator Chris Ruf of the University of Michigan. “When the last two came off, it felt fantastic. The orbit is right on the money of what we’ve been modeling.”
The team expects to begin getting science data next week, Ruf said. There will be a one- to two-month commissioning phase in which each microsatellite will be checked out and maneuvered into its final position.
The CYGNSS constellation is expected to be operational in time for the 2017 hurricane season.
“Thanks, Pegasus and NASA, for a smooth ride,” Scherrer said.
